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Internet Protocols and Support</a> &raquo;</li> </ul> </div> <div class="document"> <div class="documentwrapper"> <div class="bodywrapper"> <div class="body"> <div class="section" id="module-ftplib"> <span id="ftplib-ftp-protocol-client"></span><h1>20.8. <a class="reference internal" href="#module-ftplib" title="ftplib: FTP protocol client (requires sockets)."><tt class="xref py py-mod docutils literal"><span class="pre">ftplib</span></tt></a> &#8212; FTP protocol client<a class="headerlink" href="#module-ftplib" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1> <p id="index-0"><strong>Source code:</strong> <a class="reference external" href="http://hg.python.org/cpython/file/2.7/Lib/ftplib.py">Lib/ftplib.py</a></p> <hr class="docutils" /> <p>This module defines the class <a class="reference internal" href="#ftplib.FTP" title="ftplib.FTP"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">FTP</span></tt></a> and a few related items. The <a class="reference internal" href="#ftplib.FTP" title="ftplib.FTP"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">FTP</span></tt></a> class implements the client side of the FTP protocol. You can use this to write Python programs that perform a variety of automated FTP jobs, such as mirroring other ftp servers. It is also used by the module <a class="reference internal" href="urllib.html#module-urllib" title="urllib: Open an arbitrary network resource by URL (requires sockets)."><tt class="xref py py-mod docutils literal"><span class="pre">urllib</span></tt></a> to handle URLs that use FTP. For more information on FTP (File Transfer Protocol), see Internet <span class="target" id="index-1"></span><a class="rfc reference external" href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc959.html"><strong>RFC 959</strong></a>.</p> <p>Here&#8217;s a sample session using the <a class="reference internal" href="#module-ftplib" title="ftplib: FTP protocol client (requires sockets)."><tt class="xref py py-mod docutils literal"><span class="pre">ftplib</span></tt></a> module:</p> <div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">ftplib</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">FTP</span> <span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">ftp</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">FTP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;ftp.cwi.nl&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="c"># connect to host, default port</span> <span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">ftp</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">login</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="c"># user anonymous, passwd anonymous@</span> <span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">ftp</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">retrlines</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;LIST&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="c"># list directory contents</span> <span class="go">total 24418</span> <span class="go">drwxrwsr-x 5 ftp-usr pdmaint 1536 Mar 20 09:48 .</span> <span class="go">dr-xr-srwt 105 ftp-usr pdmaint 1536 Mar 21 14:32 ..</span> <span class="go">-rw-r--r-- 1 ftp-usr pdmaint 5305 Mar 20 09:48 INDEX</span> <span class="go"> .</span> <span class="go"> .</span> <span class="go"> .</span> <span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">ftp</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">retrbinary</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;RETR README&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">open</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;README&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">&#39;wb&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">write</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="go">&#39;226 Transfer complete.&#39;</span> <span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">ftp</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">quit</span><span class="p">()</span> </pre></div> </div> <p>The module defines the following items:</p> <dl class="class"> <dt id="ftplib.FTP"> <em class="property">class </em><tt class="descclassname">ftplib.</tt><tt class="descname">FTP</tt><big>(</big><span class="optional">[</span><em>host</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>user</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>passwd</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>acct</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>timeout</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#ftplib.FTP" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Return a new instance of the <a class="reference internal" href="#ftplib.FTP" title="ftplib.FTP"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">FTP</span></tt></a> class. When <em>host</em> is given, the method call <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">connect(host)</span></tt> is made. When <em>user</em> is given, additionally the method call <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">login(user,</span> <span class="pre">passwd,</span> <span class="pre">acct)</span></tt> is made (where <em>passwd</em> and <em>acct</em> default to the empty string when not given). The optional <em>timeout</em> parameter specifies a timeout in seconds for blocking operations like the connection attempt (if is not specified, the global default timeout setting will be used).</p> <p class="versionchanged"> <span class="versionmodified">Changed in version 2.6: </span><em>timeout</em> was added.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="class"> <dt id="ftplib.FTP_TLS"> <em class="property">class </em><tt class="descclassname">ftplib.</tt><tt class="descname">FTP_TLS</tt><big>(</big><span class="optional">[</span><em>host</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>user</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>passwd</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>acct</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>keyfile</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>certfile</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>timeout</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#ftplib.FTP_TLS" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>A <a class="reference internal" href="#ftplib.FTP" title="ftplib.FTP"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">FTP</span></tt></a> subclass which adds TLS support to FTP as described in <span class="target" id="index-2"></span><a class="rfc reference external" href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4217.html"><strong>RFC 4217</strong></a>. Connect as usual to port 21 implicitly securing the FTP control connection before authenticating. Securing the data connection requires the user to explicitly ask for it by calling the <a class="reference internal" href="#ftplib.FTP_TLS.prot_p" title="ftplib.FTP_TLS.prot_p"><tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">prot_p()</span></tt></a> method. <em>keyfile</em> and <em>certfile</em> are optional &#8211; they can contain a PEM formatted private key and certificate chain file name for the SSL connection.</p> <p class="versionadded"> <span class="versionmodified">New in version 2.7.</span></p> <p>Here&#8217;s a sample session using the <a class="reference internal" href="#ftplib.FTP_TLS" title="ftplib.FTP_TLS"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">FTP_TLS</span></tt></a> class:</p> <div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">ftplib</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">FTP_TLS</span> <span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">ftps</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">FTP_TLS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;ftp.python.org&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">ftps</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">login</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="c"># login anonymously before securing control channel</span> <span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">ftps</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">prot_p</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="c"># switch to secure data connection</span> <span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">ftps</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">retrlines</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;LIST&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="c"># list directory content securely</span> <span class="go">total 9</span> <span class="go">drwxr-xr-x 8 root wheel 1024 Jan 3 1994 .</span> <span class="go">drwxr-xr-x 8 root wheel 1024 Jan 3 1994 ..</span> <span class="go">drwxr-xr-x 2 root wheel 1024 Jan 3 1994 bin</span> <span class="go">drwxr-xr-x 2 root wheel 1024 Jan 3 1994 etc</span> <span class="go">d-wxrwxr-x 2 ftp wheel 1024 Sep 5 13:43 incoming</span> <span class="go">drwxr-xr-x 2 root wheel 1024 Nov 17 1993 lib</span> <span class="go">drwxr-xr-x 6 1094 wheel 1024 Sep 13 19:07 pub</span> <span class="go">drwxr-xr-x 3 root wheel 1024 Jan 3 1994 usr</span> <span class="go">-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 312 Aug 1 1994 welcome.msg</span> <span class="go">&#39;226 Transfer complete.&#39;</span> <span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">ftps</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">quit</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="go">&gt;&gt;&gt;</span> </pre></div> </div> </dd></dl> <dl class="exception"> <dt id="ftplib.error_reply"> <em class="property">exception </em><tt class="descclassname">ftplib.</tt><tt class="descname">error_reply</tt><a class="headerlink" href="#ftplib.error_reply" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Exception raised when an unexpected reply is received from the server.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="exception"> <dt id="ftplib.error_temp"> <em class="property">exception </em><tt class="descclassname">ftplib.</tt><tt class="descname">error_temp</tt><a class="headerlink" href="#ftplib.error_temp" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Exception raised when an error code signifying a temporary error (response codes in the range 400&#8211;499) is received.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="exception"> <dt id="ftplib.error_perm"> <em class="property">exception </em><tt class="descclassname">ftplib.</tt><tt class="descname">error_perm</tt><a class="headerlink" href="#ftplib.error_perm" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Exception raised when an error code signifying a permanent error (response codes in the range 500&#8211;599) is received.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="exception"> <dt id="ftplib.error_proto"> <em class="property">exception </em><tt class="descclassname">ftplib.</tt><tt class="descname">error_proto</tt><a class="headerlink" href="#ftplib.error_proto" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Exception raised when a reply is received from the server that does not fit the response specifications of the File Transfer Protocol, i.e. begin with a digit in the range 1&#8211;5.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="data"> <dt id="ftplib.all_errors"> <tt class="descclassname">ftplib.</tt><tt class="descname">all_errors</tt><a class="headerlink" href="#ftplib.all_errors" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>The set of all exceptions (as a tuple) that methods of <a class="reference internal" href="#ftplib.FTP" title="ftplib.FTP"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">FTP</span></tt></a> instances may raise as a result of problems with the FTP connection (as opposed to programming errors made by the caller). This set includes the four exceptions listed above as well as <a class="reference internal" href="socket.html#socket.error" title="socket.error"><tt class="xref py py-exc docutils literal"><span class="pre">socket.error</span></tt></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="exceptions.html#exceptions.IOError" title="exceptions.IOError"><tt class="xref py py-exc docutils literal"><span class="pre">IOError</span></tt></a>.</p> </dd></dl> <div class="admonition-see-also admonition seealso"> <p class="first admonition-title">See also</p> <dl class="docutils"> <dt>Module <a class="reference internal" href="netrc.html#module-netrc" title="netrc: Loading of .netrc files."><tt class="xref py py-mod docutils literal"><span class="pre">netrc</span></tt></a></dt> <dd>Parser for the <tt class="file docutils literal"><span class="pre">.netrc</span></tt> file format. The file <tt class="file docutils literal"><span class="pre">.netrc</span></tt> is typically used by FTP clients to load user authentication information before prompting the user.</dd> </dl> <p class="last" id="index-3">The file <tt class="file docutils literal"><span class="pre">Tools/scripts/ftpmirror.py</span></tt> in the Python source distribution is a script that can mirror FTP sites, or portions thereof, using the <a class="reference internal" href="#module-ftplib" title="ftplib: FTP protocol client (requires sockets)."><tt class="xref py py-mod docutils literal"><span class="pre">ftplib</span></tt></a> module. It can be used as an extended example that applies this module.</p> </div> <div class="section" id="ftp-objects"> <span id="id1"></span><h2>20.8.1. FTP Objects<a class="headerlink" href="#ftp-objects" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> <p>Several methods are available in two flavors: one for handling text files and another for binary files. These are named for the command which is used followed by <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">lines</span></tt> for the text version or <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">binary</span></tt> for the binary version.</p> <p><a class="reference internal" href="#ftplib.FTP" title="ftplib.FTP"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">FTP</span></tt></a> instances have the following methods:</p> <dl class="method"> <dt id="ftplib.FTP.set_debuglevel"> <tt class="descclassname">FTP.</tt><tt class="descname">set_debuglevel</tt><big>(</big><em>level</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#ftplib.FTP.set_debuglevel" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Set the instance&#8217;s debugging level. This controls the amount of debugging output printed. The default, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">0</span></tt>, produces no debugging output. A value of <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">1</span></tt> produces a moderate amount of debugging output, generally a single line per request. A value of <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">2</span></tt> or higher produces the maximum amount of debugging output, logging each line sent and received on the control connection.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="ftplib.FTP.connect"> <tt class="descclassname">FTP.</tt><tt class="descname">connect</tt><big>(</big><em>host</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>port</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>timeout</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#ftplib.FTP.connect" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Connect to the given host and port. The default port number is <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">21</span></tt>, as specified by the FTP protocol specification. It is rarely needed to specify a different port number. This function should be called only once for each instance; it should not be called at all if a host was given when the instance was created. All other methods can only be used after a connection has been made.</p> <p>The optional <em>timeout</em> parameter specifies a timeout in seconds for the connection attempt. If no <em>timeout</em> is passed, the global default timeout setting will be used.</p> <p class="versionchanged"> <span class="versionmodified">Changed in version 2.6: </span><em>timeout</em> was added.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="ftplib.FTP.getwelcome"> <tt class="descclassname">FTP.</tt><tt class="descname">getwelcome</tt><big>(</big><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#ftplib.FTP.getwelcome" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Return the welcome message sent by the server in reply to the initial connection. (This message sometimes contains disclaimers or help information that may be relevant to the user.)</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="ftplib.FTP.login"> <tt class="descclassname">FTP.</tt><tt class="descname">login</tt><big>(</big><span class="optional">[</span><em>user</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>passwd</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>acct</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#ftplib.FTP.login" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Log in as the given <em>user</em>. The <em>passwd</em> and <em>acct</em> parameters are optional and default to the empty string. If no <em>user</em> is specified, it defaults to <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">'anonymous'</span></tt>. If <em>user</em> is <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">'anonymous'</span></tt>, the default <em>passwd</em> is <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">'anonymous&#64;'</span></tt>. This function should be called only once for each instance, after a connection has been established; it should not be called at all if a host and user were given when the instance was created. Most FTP commands are only allowed after the client has logged in. The <em>acct</em> parameter supplies &#8220;accounting information&#8221;; few systems implement this.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="ftplib.FTP.abort"> <tt class="descclassname">FTP.</tt><tt class="descname">abort</tt><big>(</big><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#ftplib.FTP.abort" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Abort a file transfer that is in progress. Using this does not always work, but it&#8217;s worth a try.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="ftplib.FTP.sendcmd"> <tt class="descclassname">FTP.</tt><tt class="descname">sendcmd</tt><big>(</big><em>command</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#ftplib.FTP.sendcmd" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Send a simple command string to the server and return the response string.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="ftplib.FTP.voidcmd"> <tt class="descclassname">FTP.</tt><tt class="descname">voidcmd</tt><big>(</big><em>command</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#ftplib.FTP.voidcmd" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Send a simple command string to the server and handle the response. Return nothing if a response code corresponding to success (codes in the range 200&#8211;299) is received. Raise <a class="reference internal" href="#ftplib.error_reply" title="ftplib.error_reply"><tt class="xref py py-exc docutils literal"><span class="pre">error_reply</span></tt></a> otherwise.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="ftplib.FTP.retrbinary"> <tt class="descclassname">FTP.</tt><tt class="descname">retrbinary</tt><big>(</big><em>command</em>, <em>callback</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>maxblocksize</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>rest</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#ftplib.FTP.retrbinary" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Retrieve a file in binary transfer mode. <em>command</em> should be an appropriate <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">RETR</span></tt> command: <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">'RETR</span> <span class="pre">filename'</span></tt>. The <em>callback</em> function is called for each block of data received, with a single string argument giving the data block. The optional <em>maxblocksize</em> argument specifies the maximum chunk size to read on the low-level socket object created to do the actual transfer (which will also be the largest size of the data blocks passed to <em>callback</em>). A reasonable default is chosen. <em>rest</em> means the same thing as in the <a class="reference internal" href="#ftplib.FTP.transfercmd" title="ftplib.FTP.transfercmd"><tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">transfercmd()</span></tt></a> method.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="ftplib.FTP.retrlines"> <tt class="descclassname">FTP.</tt><tt class="descname">retrlines</tt><big>(</big><em>command</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>callback</em><span class="optional">]</span><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#ftplib.FTP.retrlines" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Retrieve a file or directory listing in ASCII transfer mode. <em>command</em> should be an appropriate <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">RETR</span></tt> command (see <a class="reference internal" href="#ftplib.FTP.retrbinary" title="ftplib.FTP.retrbinary"><tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">retrbinary()</span></tt></a>) or a command such as <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">LIST</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">NLST</span></tt> or <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">MLSD</span></tt> (usually just the string <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">'LIST'</span></tt>). <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">LIST</span></tt> retrieves a list of files and information about those files. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">NLST</span></tt> retrieves a list of file names. On some servers, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">MLSD</span></tt> retrieves a machine readable list of files and information about those files. The <em>callback</em> function is called for each line with a string argument containing the line with the trailing CRLF stripped. The default <em>callback</em> prints the line to <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">sys.stdout</span></tt>.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="ftplib.FTP.set_pasv"> <tt class="descclassname">FTP.</tt><tt class="descname">set_pasv</tt><big>(</big><em>boolean</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#ftplib.FTP.set_pasv" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Enable &#8220;passive&#8221; mode if <em>boolean</em> is true, other disable passive mode. (In Python 2.0 and before, passive mode was off by default; in Python 2.1 and later, it is on by default.)</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="ftplib.FTP.storbinary"> <tt class="descclassname">FTP.</tt><tt class="descname">storbinary</tt><big>(</big><em>command</em>, <em>file</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>blocksize</em>, <em>callback</em>, <em>rest</em><span class="optional">]</span><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#ftplib.FTP.storbinary" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Store a file in binary transfer mode. <em>command</em> should be an appropriate <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">STOR</span></tt> command: <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">&quot;STOR</span> <span class="pre">filename&quot;</span></tt>. <em>file</em> is an open file object which is read until EOF using its <tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">read()</span></tt> method in blocks of size <em>blocksize</em> to provide the data to be stored. The <em>blocksize</em> argument defaults to 8192. <em>callback</em> is an optional single parameter callable that is called on each block of data after it is sent. <em>rest</em> means the same thing as in the <a class="reference internal" href="#ftplib.FTP.transfercmd" title="ftplib.FTP.transfercmd"><tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">transfercmd()</span></tt></a> method.</p> <p class="versionchanged"> <span class="versionmodified">Changed in version 2.1: </span>default for <em>blocksize</em> added.</p> <p class="versionchanged"> <span class="versionmodified">Changed in version 2.6: </span><em>callback</em> parameter added.</p> <p class="versionchanged"> <span class="versionmodified">Changed in version 2.7: </span><em>rest</em> parameter added.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="ftplib.FTP.storlines"> <tt class="descclassname">FTP.</tt><tt class="descname">storlines</tt><big>(</big><em>command</em>, <em>file</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>callback</em><span class="optional">]</span><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#ftplib.FTP.storlines" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Store a file in ASCII transfer mode. <em>command</em> should be an appropriate <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">STOR</span></tt> command (see <a class="reference internal" href="#ftplib.FTP.storbinary" title="ftplib.FTP.storbinary"><tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">storbinary()</span></tt></a>). Lines are read until EOF from the open file object <em>file</em> using its <a class="reference internal" href="readline.html#module-readline" title="readline: GNU readline support for Python. (Unix)"><tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">readline()</span></tt></a> method to provide the data to be stored. <em>callback</em> is an optional single parameter callable that is called on each line after it is sent.</p> <p class="versionchanged"> <span class="versionmodified">Changed in version 2.6: </span><em>callback</em> parameter added.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="ftplib.FTP.transfercmd"> <tt class="descclassname">FTP.</tt><tt class="descname">transfercmd</tt><big>(</big><em>cmd</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>rest</em><span class="optional">]</span><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#ftplib.FTP.transfercmd" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Initiate a transfer over the data connection. If the transfer is active, send a <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">EPRT</span></tt> or <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">PORT</span></tt> command and the transfer command specified by <em>cmd</em>, and accept the connection. If the server is passive, send a <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">EPSV</span></tt> or <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">PASV</span></tt> command, connect to it, and start the transfer command. Either way, return the socket for the connection.</p> <p>If optional <em>rest</em> is given, a <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">REST</span></tt> command is sent to the server, passing <em>rest</em> as an argument. <em>rest</em> is usually a byte offset into the requested file, telling the server to restart sending the file&#8217;s bytes at the requested offset, skipping over the initial bytes. Note however that RFC 959 requires only that <em>rest</em> be a string containing characters in the printable range from ASCII code 33 to ASCII code 126. The <a class="reference internal" href="#ftplib.FTP.transfercmd" title="ftplib.FTP.transfercmd"><tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">transfercmd()</span></tt></a> method, therefore, converts <em>rest</em> to a string, but no check is performed on the string&#8217;s contents. If the server does not recognize the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">REST</span></tt> command, an <a class="reference internal" href="#ftplib.error_reply" title="ftplib.error_reply"><tt class="xref py py-exc docutils literal"><span class="pre">error_reply</span></tt></a> exception will be raised. If this happens, simply call <a class="reference internal" href="#ftplib.FTP.transfercmd" title="ftplib.FTP.transfercmd"><tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">transfercmd()</span></tt></a> without a <em>rest</em> argument.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="ftplib.FTP.ntransfercmd"> <tt class="descclassname">FTP.</tt><tt class="descname">ntransfercmd</tt><big>(</big><em>cmd</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>rest</em><span class="optional">]</span><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#ftplib.FTP.ntransfercmd" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Like <a class="reference internal" href="#ftplib.FTP.transfercmd" title="ftplib.FTP.transfercmd"><tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">transfercmd()</span></tt></a>, but returns a tuple of the data connection and the expected size of the data. If the expected size could not be computed, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">None</span></tt> will be returned as the expected size. <em>cmd</em> and <em>rest</em> means the same thing as in <a class="reference internal" href="#ftplib.FTP.transfercmd" title="ftplib.FTP.transfercmd"><tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">transfercmd()</span></tt></a>.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="ftplib.FTP.nlst"> <tt class="descclassname">FTP.</tt><tt class="descname">nlst</tt><big>(</big><em>argument</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>...</em><span class="optional">]</span><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#ftplib.FTP.nlst" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Return a list of file names as returned by the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">NLST</span></tt> command. The optional <em>argument</em> is a directory to list (default is the current server directory). Multiple arguments can be used to pass non-standard options to the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">NLST</span></tt> command.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="ftplib.FTP.dir"> <tt class="descclassname">FTP.</tt><tt class="descname">dir</tt><big>(</big><em>argument</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>...</em><span class="optional">]</span><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#ftplib.FTP.dir" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Produce a directory listing as returned by the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">LIST</span></tt> command, printing it to standard output. The optional <em>argument</em> is a directory to list (default is the current server directory). Multiple arguments can be used to pass non-standard options to the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">LIST</span></tt> command. If the last argument is a function, it is used as a <em>callback</em> function as for <a class="reference internal" href="#ftplib.FTP.retrlines" title="ftplib.FTP.retrlines"><tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">retrlines()</span></tt></a>; the default prints to <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">sys.stdout</span></tt>. This method returns <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">None</span></tt>.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="ftplib.FTP.rename"> <tt class="descclassname">FTP.</tt><tt class="descname">rename</tt><big>(</big><em>fromname</em>, <em>toname</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#ftplib.FTP.rename" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Rename file <em>fromname</em> on the server to <em>toname</em>.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="ftplib.FTP.delete"> <tt class="descclassname">FTP.</tt><tt class="descname">delete</tt><big>(</big><em>filename</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#ftplib.FTP.delete" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Remove the file named <em>filename</em> from the server. If successful, returns the text of the response, otherwise raises <a class="reference internal" href="#ftplib.error_perm" title="ftplib.error_perm"><tt class="xref py py-exc docutils literal"><span class="pre">error_perm</span></tt></a> on permission errors or <a class="reference internal" href="#ftplib.error_reply" title="ftplib.error_reply"><tt class="xref py py-exc docutils literal"><span class="pre">error_reply</span></tt></a> on other errors.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="ftplib.FTP.cwd"> <tt class="descclassname">FTP.</tt><tt class="descname">cwd</tt><big>(</big><em>pathname</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#ftplib.FTP.cwd" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Set the current directory on the server.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="ftplib.FTP.mkd"> <tt class="descclassname">FTP.</tt><tt class="descname">mkd</tt><big>(</big><em>pathname</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#ftplib.FTP.mkd" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Create a new directory on the server.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="ftplib.FTP.pwd"> <tt class="descclassname">FTP.</tt><tt class="descname">pwd</tt><big>(</big><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#ftplib.FTP.pwd" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Return the pathname of the current directory on the server.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="ftplib.FTP.rmd"> <tt class="descclassname">FTP.</tt><tt class="descname">rmd</tt><big>(</big><em>dirname</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#ftplib.FTP.rmd" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Remove the directory named <em>dirname</em> on the server.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="ftplib.FTP.size"> <tt class="descclassname">FTP.</tt><tt class="descname">size</tt><big>(</big><em>filename</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#ftplib.FTP.size" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Request the size of the file named <em>filename</em> on the server. On success, the size of the file is returned as an integer, otherwise <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">None</span></tt> is returned. Note that the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">SIZE</span></tt> command is not standardized, but is supported by many common server implementations.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="ftplib.FTP.quit"> <tt class="descclassname">FTP.</tt><tt class="descname">quit</tt><big>(</big><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#ftplib.FTP.quit" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Send a <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">QUIT</span></tt> command to the server and close the connection. This is the &#8220;polite&#8221; way to close a connection, but it may raise an exception if the server responds with an error to the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">QUIT</span></tt> command. This implies a call to the <a class="reference internal" href="#ftplib.FTP.close" title="ftplib.FTP.close"><tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">close()</span></tt></a> method which renders the <a class="reference internal" href="#ftplib.FTP" title="ftplib.FTP"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">FTP</span></tt></a> instance useless for subsequent calls (see below).</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="ftplib.FTP.close"> <tt class="descclassname">FTP.</tt><tt class="descname">close</tt><big>(</big><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#ftplib.FTP.close" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Close the connection unilaterally. This should not be applied to an already closed connection such as after a successful call to <a class="reference internal" href="#ftplib.FTP.quit" title="ftplib.FTP.quit"><tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">quit()</span></tt></a>. After this call the <a class="reference internal" href="#ftplib.FTP" title="ftplib.FTP"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">FTP</span></tt></a> instance should not be used any more (after a call to <a class="reference internal" href="#ftplib.FTP.close" title="ftplib.FTP.close"><tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">close()</span></tt></a> or <a class="reference internal" href="#ftplib.FTP.quit" title="ftplib.FTP.quit"><tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">quit()</span></tt></a> you cannot reopen the connection by issuing another <a class="reference internal" href="#ftplib.FTP.login" title="ftplib.FTP.login"><tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">login()</span></tt></a> method).</p> </dd></dl> </div> <div class="section" id="ftp-tls-objects"> <h2>20.8.2. FTP_TLS Objects<a class="headerlink" href="#ftp-tls-objects" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> <p><a class="reference internal" href="#ftplib.FTP_TLS" title="ftplib.FTP_TLS"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">FTP_TLS</span></tt></a> class inherits from <a class="reference internal" href="#ftplib.FTP" title="ftplib.FTP"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">FTP</span></tt></a>, defining these additional objects:</p> <dl class="attribute"> <dt id="ftplib.FTP_TLS.ssl_version"> <tt class="descclassname">FTP_TLS.</tt><tt class="descname">ssl_version</tt><a class="headerlink" href="#ftplib.FTP_TLS.ssl_version" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>The SSL version to use (defaults to <em>TLSv1</em>).</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="ftplib.FTP_TLS.auth"> <tt class="descclassname">FTP_TLS.</tt><tt class="descname">auth</tt><big>(</big><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#ftplib.FTP_TLS.auth" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Set up secure control connection by using TLS or SSL, depending on what specified in <a class="reference internal" href="#ftplib.FTP_TLS.ssl_version" title="ftplib.FTP_TLS.ssl_version"><tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">ssl_version()</span></tt></a> attribute.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="ftplib.FTP_TLS.prot_p"> <tt class="descclassname">FTP_TLS.</tt><tt class="descname">prot_p</tt><big>(</big><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#ftplib.FTP_TLS.prot_p" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Set up secure data connection.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="ftplib.FTP_TLS.prot_c"> <tt class="descclassname">FTP_TLS.</tt><tt class="descname">prot_c</tt><big>(</big><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#ftplib.FTP_TLS.prot_c" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Set up clear text data connection.</p> </dd></dl> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="sphinxsidebar"> <div class="sphinxsidebarwrapper"> <h3><a href="../contents.html">Table Of Contents</a></h3> <ul> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#">20.8. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">ftplib</span></tt> &#8212; FTP protocol client</a><ul> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#ftp-objects">20.8.1. FTP Objects</a></li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#ftp-tls-objects">20.8.2. FTP_TLS Objects</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> <h4>Previous topic</h4> <p class="topless"><a href="httplib.html" title="previous chapter">20.7. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">httplib</span></tt> &#8212; HTTP protocol client</a></p> <h4>Next topic</h4> <p class="topless"><a href="poplib.html" title="next chapter">20.9. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">poplib</span></tt> &#8212; POP3 protocol client</a></p> <h3>This Page</h3> <ul class="this-page-menu"> <li><a href="../bugs.html">Report a Bug</a></li> <li><a href="../_sources/library/ftplib.txt" rel="nofollow">Show Source</a></li> </ul> <div id="searchbox" style="display: none"> <h3>Quick search</h3> <form class="search" action="../search.html" method="get"> <input type="text" name="q" /> <input type="submit" value="Go" /> <input type="hidden" name="check_keywords" value="yes" /> <input type="hidden" name="area" value="default" /> </form> <p class="searchtip" style="font-size: 90%"> Enter search terms or a module, class or function name. </p> </div> <script type="text/javascript">$('#searchbox').show(0);</script> </div> </div> <div class="clearer"></div> </div> <div class="related"> <h3>Navigation</h3> <ul> <li class="right" style="margin-right: 10px"> <a href="../genindex.html" title="General Index" >index</a></li> <li class="right" > <a href="../py-modindex.html" title="Python Module Index" >modules</a> |</li> <li class="right" > <a href="poplib.html" title="20.9. poplib — POP3 protocol client" >next</a> |</li> <li class="right" > <a href="httplib.html" title="20.7. httplib — HTTP protocol client" >previous</a> |</li> <li><img src="../_static/py.png" alt="" style="vertical-align: middle; margin-top: -1px"/></li> <li><a href="http://www.python.org/">Python</a> &raquo;</li> <li> <a href="../index.html">Python 2.7.5 documentation</a> &raquo; </li> <li><a href="index.html" >The Python Standard Library</a> &raquo;</li> <li><a href="internet.html" >20. 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